Translation | Figure of Speech | Kind of Figurative Language in Translation | Indonesian - English

1.      Generalization

Example:

-          “Aqua” is used when we want to buy mineral water in form of bottle

-          “Pelayaran” used to mean navigating the ocean with a sailboat now the word means navigating the ocean with a motorized boat

2.      Specialization

-          “Server” is a server on IT as hardware

-          “Sarjana” used to refer to scholars or smart people or knowledge people now used to refer to people who have graduated from the undergraduate level in college

3.      Amelioration

-          “Buta” became “tunanetra”

-          “Bini” became “Istri”

4.      Pejoration

-          “Langsam” in colonial era it mean slow but how it mean step

-          “Pramuniaga” became “pelayan toko”

-          “Talak” became “cerai”

5.      Synesthesia

-          “Ngeri-ngeri sedap” refer to thing that almost illegal

-          “Tajam” refer to easy to hurt or look fierce or angry

6.      Association

-          Kembang we think of “Kembang desa, kembang api, etc”

-          “Gulung tikar” doesn’t mean gulung tikar itself but it refer to go bankcrupt

7.      Metaphor

-          “Kembang pasir” refer to cat’s pop

-          “Kembang desa” refer to the most beautiful girl in a village

-          Raja siang telah terbit di pagi hari yang indah

A Methodology for Translation | Metode Penerjemahan

Dear readers, my apologize I forgot where this material taken from. I think this material is taken from pdf of Translation Book Theory of course but I forgot which one that I used. This is a resume from the more complete material. So, I hope you can use this as your reference for doing your assignment. Thank you. Once I found the source I will put it here. My apologize!

A Methodology for Translation

Translators can choose from two methods of translating, namely direct, or literal translation and oblique translation. Translators may also notice gaps, or "lacunae", in the target language (TL) which must be filled by corresponding elements, so that the overall impression is the same for the two messages. Oblique translation methods offers the first three direct procedures and the others are oblique.

Procedure 1: Borrowing, borrowing is the simplest of all translation methods. It would not even merit discussion in this context if translators did not occasionally need to use it in order to create a stylistic effect. In a story with a typical English setting, an expression such as "the coroner spoke" is probably better translated into French by borrowing the English term "coroner", rather than trying to find a more or less satisfying equivalent title from amongst the French magistrature, e.g.: "Le coroner prit la parole").

Procedure 2: Caique, A calque is a special kind of borrowing whereby a language borrows an expression form of another, but then translates literally each of its elements, e.g French calque: therapie occupationnelle, English source: occupational therapy.

Procedure 3: Literal translation, is the direct transfer of a SL text into a grammatically and idiomatically appropriate TL text in which the translators' task is limited to observing the adherence to the linguistic servitudes of the TL e.g Where are you? - Ou etes-vous?.

Procedure 4: Transposition, the method called transposition involves replacing one word class with another without changing the meaning of the message e.g Apres qu'il sera revenue - After he comes back.

Procedure 5: Modulation

Modulation is a variation of the form of the message, obtained by a change in the point of view. The type of modulation which turns a negative SL expression into a positive TL expression is more often than not optional, even though this is closely linked with the structure of each language, e.g.: It is not difficult to show. Il est facile de demontrer. The difference between fixed and free modulation is one of degree.

Procedure 6: Equivalence

The classical example of equivalence is given by the reaction of an amateur who accidentally hits his finger with a hammer: if he were French his cry of pain would be transcribed as "A'ie!", but if he were English this would be interpreted as "Ouch”.

Procedure 7: Adaptation

It is used in those cases where the type of situation being referred to by the SL message is unknown in the TL culture. Adaptations are particularly frequent in the translation of book and film titles e.g.:

Trois hommes et un couffin Three men and a baby. [film]

Le grand Meaulnes The Wanderer. [book title]

Application of the seven methods

	Lexis	Structure	Message
Borrowing	F: Bulldozer	Science Jiction	Five o'Clock Tea
	E: Fuselage	a la mode	Bon voyage
Caique	F: economiquement Lutetia	Lutetia Palace	Compliments de la Saison
	E: normal school (C.E.)	Governor General	Take it or leave it
Modulation	F: Peu profond	Donnez un peu de votre sang	Complet
	E: Shallow	Give a pint of your blood	No vacancies

Parafrase Lirik Lagu | Song Lyrics Paraphrase Josh Groban's The Prayer

This paraphrase is my interpretation about the song lyrics created by me as my past school task. Please if you want to use it, don't forget to paraphrase too, Okay :)

The Prayer by Josh Groban

I pray you'll be our eyes
And watch us where we go
And help us to be wise
In times when we don't know

Let this be our prayer
As we go our way
Lead us to a place
Guide us with your Grace
To a place where we'll be safe

La luce che to dai
I pray we'll find your light
Nel cuore restero
And hold it in our hearts
A ricordarchi che
When stars go out each night
L'eterna stella sei
Nella mia preghiera
Let this be our prayer
Quanta fede see'e
When shadows fill our day
Lead us to a place
Guide us with your grace

Give us faith so we'll be safe.
Sognamo un mondo senza piu violenza

Un mondo di giustizia e di speranza
Ognuno dia la mano al suo vicino
Simbolo di pace e di fraternita

La forza che ci dai
We ask that life be kind
E'il desiderio che
And watch us from above
Ognuno trovi amore
We hope each soul will find
Intorno e dentro a se
Another soul to love

Let this be our prayer
Let this be our prayer
Just like every child
Just like every child

Needs to find a place,
Guide us with your grace
Give us faith so we'll be safe
E la fede che
Hai acceso in noi
Sento che ci salvera

Paraphrase:

The Prayer song tells of someone who is praying that God always protects him everywhere and wherever he is and can be a guide when he does not know the direction because he believes that the way shown by God is the right choice, safe and wise in order to achieve His glory.

In addition, this song also tells about someone who hopes for justice for the world. The desire for a world of peace and upholding brotherhood. Also hope that the world will live happily without violence.

On the other hand, the lyrics of this song tell about love stories. Every soul will find another soul to be loved for their desires and prayers. The most important thing in this song is that someone hopes that faith always grows in his heart, so that every way or decision he takes is from the inner peace

Contoh Dialog dan Kartu Pos Dalam Bahasa Perancis

Halo.. Teruntuk kalian yang kuliah jurusan sasing atau sastra sastra lainnya hehe, mungkin kalian dapet mata kuliah Bahasa Perancis ya kan, nah ini aku ada contoh dialog yang aku buat saat aku mendapat kuliah Bahasa Perancis. Tapi ya gitu deh hanya dialog sederhana banget dan mohon maaf apabila masih salah atau kurang bener grammarnya. Oh ya, ada contoh kartu pos juga di bawah dialog! Untuk terjemahannya mohon maaf aku belum sempat menulisnya, silahkan di cek sendiri ya atau dicopas ke google translate juga silahkan hehe. Baiklah langsung saja check this out! Merci beaucop!

Dialog tentang ikon terkenal di Prancis:

1.      Dialog 1 :

A : Bonjour Andrienne

B : Bonjour Nicole, comment vas-tu?

A : Très bien. Et vous?

B : Bien. Où est-ce?

A : C'est à Strasbourg, c'est le pont de Strasbourg

B : D'accord. Merci beaucoup.

Dialog 2 :

A : Tu connais cet endroit?

B : Non je ne sais pas

A : Qu'est-ce que c'est?

C : C'est le Château de Chambord

A : Merci beaucoup.

2.      Kartu Pos tentang kota menarik di Prancis

Chère maman

Comment vas-tu? Je vais bien.

J'habite maintenant à Fontainebleau, dans le nord de la France. Fontainebleau est une ville magnifique, mais il y a beaucoup d'endroits intéressants. Il y a la tour Eiffel, Disneyland Paris, le Château de Versailles et le Château de Chambord. Le samedi après-midi, j'aime écouter de la musique classique. En général, je préfère sortir avec mes amis ou aller au café.

Tu me manques!

Et je vais bientôt visiter Jogja.

Lulu

--------------------------------------------